Inflation


September 23, 2024by Cristian0

I was on the panel once again, for the second time this month (no more until November though!), now discussing the latest inflation numbers and the 50 bps rate cut by the Fed. Like all panels, I got to speak about a couple of other topics too.

  • Rogers acquiring Maple Leafs Sports Entertainment.

With this, Rogers becomes the majority owner of the company, acquiring it from Bell. It gives them one of the most popular platforms for marketing in the country, and in the US as well, increasing brand recognition (through the Raptors). Interestingly, to avoid competition inquiries, Bell will have the option to renew their broadcast agreement at “fair market value”, including 50% content rights for the team’s games. However, this move gives Rogers though a near-complete control of the sports rights in Canada. They already own the Toronto Blue Jays, Rogers Centre and Sportsnet, plus many other investments in teams across the country.

From Bell’s point of view, this eases financial pressures the group has been feeling for a while now, following their plan to streamline operations. Bell wants to focus on tech and comms, nothing else. This deal really showcases the value of Canadian sports teams. The Maple Leafs are the NHL most valuable team, but the Raptors are also the 10th most valuable team in the NBA.

  • Inflation and the Fed Rate Cut

We are seeing that inflation is at a low point now, both in terms of the base-year effect (comparing it to a very high price last year) and momentum in the economy slowing down. Gas is the main reason the CPI has slowed down so much. That one is both seasonal and base-price effect. If you adjust by seasonality, the CPI rose a little bit. The biggest contributors are housing costs (both rents and mortgages). As interest rates are coming down, people on variable rates are having a lower cost, so mortgage costs increases are moderating (“only” 18.8%, coming down from 30.9%), but they are still very high in comparison to a few years ago. Rent costs are still high with no sign of slowing down, which has more to do with landlords passing the higher mortgage costs onto renters, and the very tight housing market we know they are in. Another interesting movement is the drop in clothing and footwear. Normally, August sees price increases, but demand has been very slow for these products, leading to a decrease in prices. Most likely, the lower disposable income that families have is starting to permeate across the economy.

So, what does this mean? It means the economy keeps slowing down, now at a lower pace than even the BoC likes. The question is what does the BoC do in October. There is still one more report on inflation next month, so if we see this slow down is persistent and remains below their target, they may consider giving a boost to the economy, in the form of a 50 bps instead of 25 that the market expects. The last important topic is what the Fed behaviour means for Canada. The BoC started with rate cuts a lot earlier, we are already on our third, so, while there cannot be much disparity between our rates and the US’, we are nowhere near that. We should keep our monetary policy independent of the US’ now. If anything, this supports the BoC decision to start cutting rates early.

  • Tupperware going bust

The company declared Chapter 11 bankruptcy, so this means it will probably not die completely, but restructure and come back in a different form. Tupperware is a multi-level marketing company. These companies depend on the considerable labour force that they have. Over to 465k collaborators worldwide. They make a very limited amount, though, like all MLM companies. The average collaborator (“consultant” as they call it) made US$ 525 per year. The FTC said in 2008 that 99.7% of all consultants lost money when selling their products.

Several factors led to the company’s woes: Their business model not adapting to the 21st century online dynamic, a poor supply chain, and the commoditization of their wares (the moat as it’s so trendy now to say). This even happened as the market for plastic containers has kept growing, it’s just split far more. Over CAD $2b in sales last year. That’s 18% more than before the pandemic. However, competition and the fact that their product is a commodity by now (a Generic Trademark), really impacted their bottom line. After having been acquired in part by private equity, they had to fight being sold in pieces.

To me, this also shows the failure of the MLM business model. Which maybe is a good thing. MLM schemes are not really economically sound business models for the collaborators. There are even internet forums and websites dedicated to calling them out.



July 17, 2024by Cristian0

I was asked my opinion on the latest inflation numbers today by Global News. I got to try Western University‘s new studio! Green screen and all.

In summary: Almost in line with what was expected, 2.7% vs 2.8%. There is an 86% chance of a cut next week, but I doubt it will be more than 0.25%, too early to stimuli the economy too much.

The lighting was a bit too strong, so I had to take off my glasses xD. Give it a watch at the link below!

Bank of Canada rate-cut odds rise after June inflation release


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July 8, 2024by Cristian0

This is a bit late, but last month I was very popular after the interest rate decrease by the BoC. Western asked me to write an explainer, which they told me was the most visited article at Western News! I am copying it here for posterity. I also beat a personal record: I had five interviews in 24 hours. It was really a topic that garnished a lot of attention! I appeared in the London Free Press, The X, CHCH News, CFPL News, and Global Radio.

It was great to see that I nailed my prediction too. For July, the rate should remain stable. Too early to tell the consequences of the economy of the very first one. I fully expect a decrease in the September announcement, though. The explainer follows:

Western News: Can Canadians expect an interest rate cut?

Cristián Bravo: Given the latest downward trend on inflation and economic growth (the production of goods and services in an economy), the idea of a rate cut is much more likely. We are seeing a generalized cooling down in the economy that has been persistent over a nine-month period, signalling that the efforts by the Bank of Canada have been successful. The fact that growth is now lower than expected, makes it more likely that the Bank of Canada will decide to ease on their position and start lowering the rate and seeing how the market reacts.

It will need to balance the potential risk of stimulating the economy too early, thus leading to a return of inflation, versus the chance that the slowing growth trend continues, and we enter a recession, as we seemed to have been on the edge of during the last two quarters of 2023.

Why would the Bank of Canada not cut rates?

CB: What may give the Bank of Canada pause are the numbers in the U.S.

The economy there is still in excess demand and inflation has not eased. There has been significant volatility in the core consumer price index and consumption numbers, meaning that not even the Federal Reserve knows the right path to take. This affects us, as the Canadian rate and the U.S. rate cannot diverge too much, or the Canadian dollar will lose value significantly against the U.S. dollar, undoing some of the efforts of the Bank of Canada.

The Bank of Canada does have leeway to lower the rate but needs to be cautious because if the U.S. decides to keep rates high for a while, then we won’t be able to lower them at a higher speed. So, a moderate decrease of 25 basis points (or 0.25 per cent) is likely, although I wouldn’t be surprised if they decide to keep it at its current value and wait until the July meeting to see how the American economy evolves in relation to our own.

What role does inflation play in monetary policy?

CB: Inflation, growth and employment are the trinity of monetary policy. The Bank of Canada controls, through their policy rate, the price of lending money, and this directly controls how much money is available to go around. Too much money related to our capacity to produce goods and services leads to inflation. Too little, leads to a credit crunch and thus decreased growth.

Jobs are directly tied to this. An overheated economy, or an economy without as many workers as needed (as we had a few months ago), leads to inflationary processes, while an economy in depression leads to job losses as businesses need to adapt to the lower demand for their products and services. So, the Bank of Canada’s role is to set the incentives to either stimulate the economy, or to disincentive spending, and this is done by changing the cost of borrowing funds through monetary policy.

What are the benefits of raising or lowering lending rates?

CB: Lower rates mean more incentive to lend money, and thus to invest, hire, spend and produce more. If this is tied to a real need for those goods and services, then growth happens, salaries increase and employment grows. If there is more money than needed in the economy, and we are observing inflation as we were last year, then a higher rate has the opposite effect, disincentivizing spending and demand. The tricky part is reaching a rate that leads to sustainable levels of employment and spending so that we achieve growth and higher salaries while producing goods and services that are aligned with local and global demand.



May 27, 2024by Cristian0

A new panel is live, and now we are featured on the CBC website! This time we spoke about three topics:

  1. The DoJ suing to split back Ticketmaster / Live Nation: The most significant change versus previous attempts is that now they managed to get everyone angry. Artists, venues and consumers are all affected. Oddly, due to weak antitrust laws in the US, consumers are not considered direct customers of Ticketmaster, so now that artists and venues are shown to be affected, the DoJ could intervene. If successful, this should increase competition in the artist/venue space, not in the consumer one, so don’t expect ticket prices to come down anytime soon.
  2. The new low fare from WestJet: WestJet is moving towards an Ultra Low-Cost Carrier (ULCC) model, charging now for the carry-on baggage. This is common in European ULCC, such as EasyJet and others. Changes like this are great for the company as they save on fuel, save on airport fees and taxes, and provide marginally better customer service to those who require overhead bins as there is less demand for them. It also comes with a modest 2% decrease in fares in competitive routes. However, the cost is more fare dispersion. Now you won’t really know what the final price of your ticket will be, and you will need to plan a bit ahead to what you want to bring with you. Also, airports may need to rethink their fee structure, considering they are normally tied to the base price of the ticket.
  3. Inflation: The latest inflation numbers were positive for Canada, with a 2.7% annualized rate. However, and what I spoke about in the panel, I expect the BoC will be a bit wary of being too aggressive lowering the interest rate, given the US is still suffering high inflation and the rates between the two countries cannot diverge too much.

Give it a watch and comments always welcome!